{"id":29926,"date":"2025-11-26T22:15:00","date_gmt":"2025-11-26T21:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/explorecatholic.nl\/nieuws\/report-details-persecution-of-turkish-christians-ahead-of-pope-leo-xivs-visit\/"},"modified":"2025-11-26T22:15:00","modified_gmt":"2025-11-26T21:15:00","slug":"report-details-persecution-of-turkish-christians-ahead-of-pope-leo-xivs-visit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/explorecatholic.nl\/en\/nieuws\/report-details-persecution-of-turkish-christians-ahead-of-pope-leo-xivs-visit\/","title":{"rendered":"Report details persecution of Turkish Christians ahead of Pope Leo XIV's visit"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

The scene outside a Catholic church in Istanbul, Turkey, where a reported armed attack took place on Jan. 28, 2024. \/ Credit: Rudolf Gehrig\/EWTN<\/span>\n<\/div>\n

Washington, D.C. Newsroom, Nov 26, 2025 \/ 16:15 pm (CNA).<\/p>\n

A Christian advocacy group\u2019s report details\u00a0\u201clegal, institutional, and social hostility\u201d toward Turkish Christians as Pope Leo XIV begins his six-day visit to Turkey and Lebanon Thursday.<\/p>\n

The report from The European Centre for Law and Justice (ECLJ), titled \u201cThe Persecution of Christians in Turkey,\u201d<\/a> explores government interference against clergy and Christian entities, restrictions on foreign Christians who visit the country, and widespread social animosity toward the faithful, which sometimes includes direct violence.<\/p>\n

\u201cCommunities that were once integral to the cultural, religious, and historical fabric of Anatolia have been reduced to a fragile remnant,\u201d the authors state.<\/p>\n

\u201cTheir disappearance is not the product of a single event but the cumulative result of restrictive legislation, administrative obstruction, property confiscations, denial of legal personality, and \u2014 more recently \u2014 arbitrary expulsions of clergy, missionaries, and converts,\u201d they add.<\/p>\n

Modern-day Turkey, which was governed by Christians prior to the Ottoman Empire invasions in late Middle Ages, is still home to about 257,000 Christians. In 1915, Christians still accounted for about 20% of the Turkish population, but the number has dwindled over the past century and they now account for less than 0.3% of the population.<\/p>\n

Persecution of Christians<\/h2>\n

The report says hostility toward Christians is kept alive through environmental factors, such as Turkey\u2019s refusal to recognize its past by continuing to deny the genocide of Armenians and other Christians during World War I.\u00a0<\/p>\n

At that time, about 1.5 million Armenians and 500,000 other Christians were forcibly deported or massacred, and Turkey\u2019s criminalization of \u201cinsulting the Turkish nation\u201d and \u201cinsulting Turkishness\u201d is often enforced to quell speech about the historical events, according to the report.<\/p>\n

It notes that politicians and state-run media frequently scapegoat Christians for societal issues and depict them as an external and internal threat, with one example being President Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan referring to survivors of the genocide as \u201cterrorists escaped from the sword\u201d and another being the state-run Yeni Akit allegedly editing Wikipedia to smear Christians, Jews, and other groups.<\/p>\n

In some cases, this hostility yields violence, including a 2024 terrorist attack<\/a> on a Catholic church that killed one person, and other acts of violence and vandalism.<\/p>\n

The report notes that Turkey signed the Treaty of Lausanne after the Armenian genocide, which granted people who believe some non-majority faiths full legal recognition and property rights.<\/p>\n

Yet, a narrow interpretation of the treaty ensures \u201ca national narrative that presents Sunni Islam as the primary marker of Turkish identity,\u201d the report says. The treaty also fails to recognize all Christians, only giving a specific reference to Greek Orthodox, Armenian Apostolic Christians, and Jews, but not Catholics or Protestants, according to the report.<\/p>\n

It states that Sunni Islam is often tied to Turkish identity in public education and the process to be exempt from compulsory Islamic education is burdensome for Christians not covered under the treaty.<\/p>\n

No church holds legal personality as a religious institution, which means patriarchates, dioceses, and churches cannot \u201cown property in their own name, initiate legal proceedings, employ staff, open bank accounts, or formally interact with public authorities,\u201d the report states.<\/p>\n

The government also interferes with religious leadership, prohibiting non-Turkish citizens from being elected as Ecumenical Patriarch, sitting on the Holy Synod, or participating in patriarchal elections in the Greek Orthodox Church. The government also regulates elections for leadership in the Armenian Apostolic Church.<\/p>\n

Turkey shut down the Greek Orthodox Halki Seminary in 1971 and \u2014 despite promises to let it reopen \u2014 keeps it shut down, according to the report.<\/p>\n

The report also says Turkey imposes legal constraints and administrative obstruction on Christian \u201ccommunity foundations,\u201d which operate churches, schools, hospitals, and charitable institutions.<\/p>\n

This includes blocking board elections and failing to enforce court orders. One of the more egregious violations is imposing \u201cmazbut\u201d trusteeship, which ends Christian institutions’ legal recognition and grants control to the government, which essentially confiscates property, the report said.<\/p>\n

\u201cThese practices reveal a structural system designed to undermine the autonomy, continuity, and survival of Christian communities in Turkey,\u201d the report states.<\/p>\n

According to the report, foreign Protestant pastors are often expelled from seminaries. More broadly, it states that foreign missionaries and converts are often targeted as \u201cnational security\u201d threats and frequently expelled from Turkey.\u00a0<\/p>\n

The authors encouraged Turkey to grant full legal recognition to all churches, halt interference in Christian organizations, protect places of worship, end arbitrary expulsions, and return property that has been confiscated.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The scene outside a Catholic church in Istanbul, Turkey, where a reported armed attack took place on Jan. 28, 2024. \/ Credit: Rudolf Gehrig\/EWTN Washington, D.C. Newsroom, Nov 26, 2025 \/ 16:15 pm (CNA). A Christian advocacy group\u2019s report details\u00a0\u201clegal, institutional, and social hostility\u201d toward Turkish Christians as Pope Leo XIV begins his six-day visit […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29927,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"bron":[41],"class_list":["post-29926","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nieuws","bron-cna"],"acf":[],"featured_image_urls":{"medium":"https:\/\/explorecatholic.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/29926-report-details-persecution-of-turkish-christians-ahead-of-pope-leo-xivs-visit-300x225.jpeg","large":"https:\/\/explorecatholic.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/29926-report-details-persecution-of-turkish-christians-ahead-of-pope-leo-xivs-visit-1024x768.jpeg","thumbnail":"https:\/\/explorecatholic.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/29926-report-details-persecution-of-turkish-christians-ahead-of-pope-leo-xivs-visit-150x150.jpeg","medium_large":"https:\/\/explorecatholic.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/29926-report-details-persecution-of-turkish-christians-ahead-of-pope-leo-xivs-visit-768x576.jpeg","1536x1536":"https:\/\/explorecatholic.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/29926-report-details-persecution-of-turkish-christians-ahead-of-pope-leo-xivs-visit-1536x1152.jpeg","Inhoud breed":"https:\/\/explorecatholic.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/29926-report-details-persecution-of-turkish-christians-ahead-of-pope-leo-xivs-visit-860x645.jpeg","echo_preview_image":"https:\/\/explorecatholic.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/29926-report-details-persecution-of-turkish-christians-ahead-of-pope-leo-xivs-visit-195x146.jpeg"},"appp_media":null,"yoast_head":"\nReport details persecution of Turkish Christians ahead of Pope Leo XIV's visit - ExploreCatholic<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/explorecatholic.nl\/en\/nieuws\/report-details-persecution-of-turkish-christians-ahead-of-pope-leo-xivs-visit\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Report details persecution of Turkish Christians ahead of Pope Leo XIV's visit - ExploreCatholic\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The scene outside a Catholic church in Istanbul, Turkey, where a reported armed attack took place on Jan. 28, 2024. \/ Credit: Rudolf Gehrig\/EWTN Washington, D.C. 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